Glass Message Board
Glass Discussion & Research. NO IDENTIFICATION REQUESTS here please. => Bohemia, Czechoslovakia, Czech Republic, Austria => Topic started by: Sklounion on November 22, 2005, 09:32:05 AM
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We have good knowledge about the sequence of events that meant Rudolf Schrotter's "Lord" pattern of 1922, being made in the UK, as "Jacobean". See for example:
http://www.cloudglass.com/ClaytonMayers.htm
Now does anyone know the full story behind another of his designs, "Boule" of 1935,
http://www.sklounion.com/Schrotterboule.jpg
and why so many companies seem to have made it as "Candlewick"?
A few examples:
Libbey,
Imperial
Anchor Hocking,
Hughes
Clambroth
Was it made also in the UK?
I'm intrigued because Schrotter must have put more glass on more dining-tables than most designers. "Boule" for example was not the only pattern introduced in 1935, as "Pollax" another Schrotter design began to leave Inwald the same year. I have also a reference to a pattern which went into production in 1940, but which, as yet I have not managed to identify. Any suggestions as to what that pattern might have been?
"Perforal" was 1947
Image of Boule above: Late production see double labels here:
http://glassgallery.yobunny.org.uk/displayimage.php?album=33&pos=5 <--- Mod: Dead link
TIA and regards,
Marcus
Image of "Boule" in this post copyright M Newhall 2005
Image of labels on the above piece is copy-left, M Newhall 2005
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Marcus asked
I have also a reference to a pattern which went into production in 1940, but which, as yet I have not managed to identify. Any suggestions as to what that pattern might have been?
"Zwiebel Muster"?
By the way, just for the avoidance of doubt (though I know you are fully aware Marcus, but just in case any readers are not) although Jacobean aka Lord was made in the UK, the pattern was also being made in Czechoslovakia for some time.
Glen
Edited to add: PS Clambroth is a colour, isn't it?
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Clambroth = a strange and hard to define yellowish color that is sometimes described as "ginger ale". In Carnival it is one of these schizophrenic colors that some people believe is an iridescent effect only, while others say it is also a base color.
Frankly I'd prefer to eat it. :shock: Perfect for a chilly day like today.
Glen
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Glen - I have also seen the term "clambroth" used to describe a opaline translucent glass which is grayish cream in color.
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Connie - oh! Goodness :shock: I can quite imagine that too. Isn't it amazing what terms we glass collectors/researchers use. That makes the term clambroth even more confusing, doesn't it? I even see some pale and wishy washy marigold described as clambroth (when it's really just poor marigold).
Thanks for the extra info, Connie.
Glen
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:oops:
Me mis-reading an entry......
I'm with you on the food...
Onion pattern??
I saw a set which may be the pattern on eBay.de, marked them for bidding, and missed them.... (Sorry Peter, I will get some soft-ware).
http://cgi.ebay.de/Schuessel-und-6-Schalen-altes-Pressglas_W0QQitemZ6575741705QQcategoryZ7479 Mod: link dead
Regards,
Marcus
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Marcus - "Zwiebel Muster" - it's a strange pattern name, isn't it? The design features flowers and leaves on a stippled background.
Or another suggestion for your mystery 4th pattern -"Rex" (an interlocking diamond design, a bit like the things we used to draw with spirographs!)
Glen
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:oops:
Me mis-reading an entry......
I'm with you on the food...
Onion pattern??
I saw a set which may be the pattern on eBay.de, marked them for bidding, and missed them.... (Sorry Peter, I will get some soft-ware).
http://cgi.ebay.de/Schuessel-und-6-Schalen-altes-Pressglas_W0QQitemZ6575741705QQcategoryZ7479QQrdZ1QQcmdZViewItem
Regards,
Marcus
The pattern in that auction in the US is often known collectively as "Colonial" Almost all the big glass makers made a similar pattern and they are a pain to differentiate. Hence I usually avoid buying unless they are extremely cheap.
Re: decribing patterns or glass using food terms is very familiar to me. As a veterianarian with post-doc training in veterinary pathology I was trained to describe disease, clinical signs, lesions etc. in terms of food. A day of veterinary pathology is enough to turn anyone off eating :P
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While looking for pix of Pollax, I discovered a couple of links which I hope might be useful as well as illustrate some of these patterns.
Lord
Here's an old advert / catalog image showing the Lord service in a 1951 cataogue. (page down...near the end)
http://www.glassrevue.com/news.asp?nid=3214
Boule and Pollax are mentioned in the text towards the top in connection with Schrotter
but my Czech is sadly lacking :roll: and no images of those. :(
Boule / Pollax
Does this mention in Pressglas-Korrespondenz Anhang 21, Nový, Pressglas und Kristallerie im Isergebirge 2004-1-21
Modegeschmack im Nutzpressglas übernahm
mit Erfolg auch die Firma Sklárny a rafinerie Josef Inwald,
Praha, für die Rudolf Schrötter kommerziell erfolgreiche,
funktionalistische, gepresste Nutzglas-
Garnituren „Durit“ und „Duritopal“ (1927-1929; aus
stoßfestem Glas), „Boule“ (1935) oder „Pollax“ entwarf.
suggest that Boule and Pollax are two names for the same design or am I reading it wrong ?
Candlewick(aka Boule)
Some pics here of Imperial's Candlewick along with original adverts from House and Garden, October 1956
http://www.jcwiese.com/imperial.htm Mod: Link dead
Lord & Perforal
There are a couple of (not very good ) pics of Perforal and Lord here on the Teplice Museum website on the Rudolfova Huť page http://www.muzeum-teplice.cz/rudolfka/rudolfka.htm
and a better shot of a Perforal Cake Plate which seems to have been popular in the States (without name change !) here http://www.finecrystalitems.com/detail.aspx?ID=2070 Mod: Link dead
Bull, Argos and Orlow patterns ????
An article at the Teplice Museum site mentions three other designs: Bull, Argos and Orlow but no mention of Pollax and Boule.
http://www.muzeum-teplice.cz/historie/ema1003.htm
and a pic there but nothing to say which pattern it is !!!
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Boule and Pollax are different patterns.
Boule has the little ball (boule) shapes around the edge - while Pollax is plain edged with smooth lines.
Glen
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Just a little note re. English "look alike" patterns re. Boule. The nearest Sowerby came to it was their 2644 which has the little ball shapes around the edge - but they are not continuous as they are alternated with plain edge segments.
Edited to add Sowerby's 2648 as well, which DOES have little balls all around the edge.
Glen
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Thanks Glen
While I was writing there were several postings. I'm not sure if it would have made much difference though as I'm more confused that ever !!
OK I got that Boule and Candlewick are the same from Marcus initial posting aand as per my posting. I just thought that it could have had 2 names in Czech ....stranger things have been known ...but my german is obviously not up to scratch.
But from reading here I didn't realise that Pollax had been definitely ID'd and can't tell which one Marcus was talking about in his second posting. (Pollax or unknown ? ) !
Is Pollax the one in the German auction ?
..........which looks the same pattern shown at the Teplice Museum site link I gave. Is it ?
Or are one or both of these the 4th "unknown" pattern ?
Or are Zwiebel Muster ? or Rex ? still candidates for that ?
and what has Clambroth got to do with all this ?
and what is Onion pattern ??
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Is Pollax the one in the German auction ?
..........which looks the same pattern shown at the Teplice Museum site
Not as far as I am aware, Peter. Pollax does not have panels - it is plain.
I don't know what the pattern is on the Teplice Museum site (url ends ema1003).
I'm not sure what the 4th unknown pattern is (there's a Catch 22 in here, of course). I'm putting forward Zwiebel Muster and Rex as candidates.
I think clambroth came in because Marcus misread an entry somewhere and I was just clarifying (with Connie's help) that it is actually a colour..
And finally, where did the onion come in? Well I think Zwiebel means onion or bulb.
Glen (who is off to get some onion clambroth to warm her up and clear her brain)
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Thanks for the feed-back here all of you.
Glen, thank you for your suggestions, Rex is unlikely, and "Zwiebel Muster" I can discount.
Interestingly from Peter's contribution, the last paragraph on the Regional Museum Teplice site link he gave, specifically mentions "Boutique" and "Cibulak" and credits these to Pavel Panak. The meaning of Cibulak is "Onion". The former of these I am familiar with as it was an exhibited pattern at the 1st Internation Exposition of Glass and Porcelain held in Jabonec nad Nisou in 1973, reference image number 20, and was best press glass product of 1972. Produced Sklo Union Teplice, Rudolfova Hut.
Thanks again,
Regards,
Marcus
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Marcus - why is Zwiebel Muster discounted (I really am not familiar enough with the glass from this era so I need your guidance)? Was it not a well known Rudolfova Hut (GlassExport) pattern? Or is it the wrong era/style etc.
Glen
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Hi Glen,
If "Cibulak" and "Zweibel Muster" are the same pattern, then they are too late, as Panak worked for Sklo Union Teplice through the 1970's and 80's. If "Zweibel Muster" is decorated as described, then this mystery set, (which may be the one on the eBay.de link above,) is not "Zweibel Muster" as it is arguably fairly plain.
Will try to get an image to you...
http://glassgallery.yobunny.org.uk/displayimage.php?album=33&pos=48 Mod: dead link
thanks and regards,
Marcus
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Thank you Glen
Phew ...I'm now almost up to speed ....and Marcus is already off on a different expedition !!! I'll never fully catch up !!!
How do you know Pollax ? From an Inwald catalogue ?
Was Pollax also produced by other makers under different names like Lord and Boule ? Or don't we know that yet ?
DOH :oops:
Finally I've realised that Marcus was only trying to identify the 4th unknown pattern and presumably already knows what Pollax looks like. It's me that got stuck on Pollax because I don't and can't find a pic :( Apologies all round.
Playing with you big guys is hard work and I'm not good with patterns at the best of times. I just like to see whats being talked about that's all :roll:
PS for an example fo Clambroth see Ray's Swan ....oooops no his photos have gone now. another DOH
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Sorry,
I have been arrogant, and humbly suggest that people who are not familiar with "Pollax" or other Rudolf Schrotter patterns should look at:
seites 89-91, pk-2004-1-3 of Seigmar Geiselburger's excellent site:
http://www.pressglas-korrespondenz.de/
a chastised and embarrassed
Marcus
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Marcus,
Nah ... Your query was aimed at those who do know ....
I'm just insatiably curious ...and I like pics and I thought it would be nice for others too see.
comment removed
Finally under spelling "Polax" I found this pic at the excellent
Designhandlung.de
http://www.designhandlung.de/sites/g017.php
I hope this is it
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Peter,
Yes its "Pollax" on the design website.
Marcus
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here we have the "Kugelrand" pattern designed (!) in 1975 by F.Keuchel and produced by VEB Glaswerk Schwepnitz.
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:shock: :shock: Designed in 1975! Imperial Glass has been making Candlewick a seemingly identical pattern since 1936 :lol:
Here is 1 of 4 pieces that I currently have
Candlewick double handle bowl (https://www.trocadero.com/stores/grayhorse/items/316328/catphoto.jpg) Mod: link dead
While mine is a handled bowl, Imperial made this pattern in every piece imaginable. It is one of the most popular elegant depression glass patterns in America.
I know Peter showed Candlewick earlier but the site he showed didn't have any bowls. When I saw the image of Boule I was shocked at how close it looks to a Candlewick deep bowl.
This puts a whole new twist on Candlewick. I would love to have a piece of each to compare.
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Connie,
I have just posted a link to an image of "Boule", a piece that ironically I purchased from the US, (and which arrived this a.m.), complete with Inwald/Sklo Union label as well as the Bohemia Glass label. This is later production, maybe late 1950's or early 1960's.
http://glassgallery.yobunny.org.uk/displayimage.php?album=33&pos=49 <--- Mod: Link dead
From what you say, Imperial must have been making this within months of the design going into production in Teplice.
Regards,
Marcus
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A June, 1988 article (I only have part of the text) from the US publication, the "Glass Review", has an article "Candlewick or Czech". The author - Virginia Scott - refers to her previous article where she had noted that some Czech glass was much like Imperial's Candlewick. She continues saying that she received a letter from Francis Allen of Maryland who wrote "Candlewick collectors may be interested to know that an identical pattern, fittingly called 'Boule' was designed by R. Schrtter and made at Rudolfova Hut at Inwald Czechoslovakia in 1935. Enclosed are copies from Ceske Lisovane Sklo, Listopad prosinec, 1972, illustrations 33a-c. Imperial came out with Candlewick in 1936/37; who copied who?"
More recently, an in-depth study of Imperial's Candlewick, as written in the Imperial Glass Encyclopedia Vol 1 notes that Candlewick was shown in a House Beautiful magazine in 1935 (though not named). The article further explains that Candlewick had a place in the Imperial factory during the 1930s. The book asserts that Imperial president Earl Newton returned from New York in circa 1933 with a piece of glass in a pattern known as “French Cannon Ball”. The Imperial mould shop then made two moulds based on the pattern - one was for a 4 toed bowl, the other was for a footed bowl.
The public debut of Imperial's Candlewick took place in August 1936.
It's just possible, I suppose, that the French pattern was actually a Czech one, marketed by our old Parisian friend, Monsieur Markhbeinn!
Glen
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Marcus -
:shock: I have seen that same piece your pictured many times. Sometimes in a teal blue and sometimes clear but never with a label. It has been dismissed in several reference books as a reproduction piece of Candlewick!
I am away again (with my princess this time at a beauty pageant) or I would give you the reference. I think it might be in Gene Florence Elegant Glassware of the Depression Era.
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Several new developments in the last five days mean this is no longer a dead topic.
One is the discovery of an example of a Rudolfova hut'-produced design, 1940, Rudolf Schrotter, on a French brocante. Second is a discovery by Siegmar of a document from CZ, showing what appears to be a closely related pattern "Orlow". The document gives an alleged list of patterns and dates which defy current thinking, which maybe/is inaccurate, but we remain unsure as to whether the item found, is a pattern named "Argos", or yet another unidentified pattern.
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Recent developments mean that we are gaining a greater knowledge of the range of glass designed by Rudolf Schrtter. Whilst there remain a number of patterns designed by him, but names of which remain unknown, the view of what can be definitely attributed to him, and which was made by Josef Inwald, include the following patterns:
Lord, 1922 (Jacobean)
Argos, 1935
Bull, 1935 (Boule) (Candlewick in the USA)
Pollax, 1935
Feston, 1936
Olympia, 1937 Possibly 1936
Wien, 1937
Barock, 1937
Doris, 1937
Breitecken, 1940 Now known to be as early as 1928
Orlow, 1940 Now known to be 1935
Roma 1946
Teplitz, 1947 (Note: This date is inaccurate, as the pattern appears in the pattern book of Vereinigte Bhmische Glasindustrie A.G. (name for Inwald during the German occupation of the Sudetenland) and therefore design/production date must be before May 1945).
Perforal, 1947
I would like to thank Eva Pankov of the Regionalni Muzeum, Teplice, for sending me some material which has helped to widen our knowledge.
I shall be posting images of each pattern, as time and copyright issues permit.
Later edits in blue
Regards,
Marcus
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Please could anyone indicate the current role of Libbey, in the glass industry? Jackson indicates that it is now part of Owens Illinois.
I ask as Libbey appeared in an earlier part of this post as a manufacturer of "Boule".
After talking to Fran Yorke, an American Imperial "Candlewick" collector and writer, who is writing a book on "Candle-wick" look-a-likes, it would appear that Libbey are currently sourcing from the Czech Republic. A recent US purchase at a Target store was labelled "Libbey. Made in the Czech Republic". As Rudolfova Hut' is no longer in domestic glass production, I have a suspicion that one of the former Sklo Union units, probably SHL Libochovice, is using the Rudolfova Hut' moulds.
Now the question is, did Libbey ever make this pattern, or has it always been bought in from Inwald/Sklarny Inwald/Sklo Union???
Regards,
Marcus
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If this is of interest to anyone:
http://www.sklounion.com/SkloUnion/Schrotter.html
Some of the images are not small.
A database of known Schrtter's designs, will follow shortly.
Regards,
Marcus
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Excellent
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Please bear with me, as this is not complete, only 160 more Lord scans to go, however:
http://www.sklounion.com/SkloUnion/SchrotterDesignlist.html
is now active.
I have tried to find a happy balance between line drawings and catalogue images.
If people are happy to submit images of actual pieces, I would be very happy to include them, your copy-right acknowledged.
"Boule" has not been included as I am trying to resolve conflicting numbering systems. Also more items will be added, once I have worked my way through Markhbeinn catalogues.
This has taken some serious effort, and my thanks to Anne, for sorting the active image links.
Suggestions for improvements, gratefully received.
Regards,
Marcus
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Hi Marcus
I've just read and enjoyed your article Sklo Union - Some views. Three little ponts: Fig 1 is missing completely, gives an error; Fig 4 has a caption and a callout much further down the page, but is not called out, as far as I can see, between Figs 3 and 5, and also has no picture; and Fig 16 has no callout in text.
I did find the green ash tray I saw today (Fig 10). You wouldn't want to drop that one on your foot!!! :shock:
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Hi Christine,
Thanks, the page has been experiencing problems which we are working to resolve, and hopefully soon, it should be sorted out.
Whilst the Schrtter design list is on its way, hopefully giving people some idea of his range of designs, the up-dating of the Sklo Union pattern list is problematic, particularly, trying to negotiate copy-right permissions from Czech photographers. Also the sheer volume of designs from what was one of the most influential designs teams of its era is very challenging, particularly when some design attributions are being contested by the designers themselves.
Regards,
Marcus
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:shock: Designed in 1975! Imperial Glass has been making Candlewick a seemingly identical pattern since 1936 . . .
. . . Imperial made this pattern in every piece imaginable. It is one of the most popular elegant depression glass patterns in America. . . This puts a whole new twist on Candlewick. I would love to have a piece of each to compare.
The Candlewick Pattern was produced by The Imperial Glass Company of Bellaire, Ohio in the USA. Since one of the most confusing parts of their production was their stemware, I have hosted a website for several years to allow differentiation and identification of this stemware. That location is: http://www.rubyglass.com/Candlewick/Index.asp
Please be advised that while the stemware shown may have had ruby bowls, most of the production was done in crystal.
The Hughes "Cornflower" was a cutting on Candlewick glass blanks by the Canadian firm.
Libbey produced a line of "Stems with Beads" by the name of "Nob Hill." Of greater interest is the glass produced by Anchor Hocking Glass, which is a larger contributor to the confusion with Candlewick. Some of these pattern names were "Boopie", or "Berwick" as the proper pattern name assigned by AH, "Burple", or "Inspiration", and "Bubble" or "Early American."
There is a quality differential in that all of the Candlewick was hand blown and the Anchor Hocking was machine blown.
I hope I have not confused the issue hereby interjecting this data on the "Candlewick" pattern.
Orville
http://www.RubyGlass.com
http://www.Antique-Art-Glass.com
http://www.PixClix.com
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Lustrousstone wrote:
Fig 1 is missing completely, gives an error; Fig 4 has a caption and a callout much further down the page, but is not called out, as far as I can see, between Figs 3 and 5, and also has no picture; and Fig 16 has no callout in text.
Hi Christine, now appears to be ok. Thanks Anne for the surgery needed through my incompetence.
Orville, very useful contribution. Thanks.
regards,
Marcus
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Inexperience, not incompetence! :wink:
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Marcus, are these Boule or Candlewick?
http://cgi.ebay.co.uk/ws/eBayISAPI.dll?ViewItem&item=300034529014
http://cgi.ebay.co.uk/ws/eBayISAPI.dll?ViewItem&item=300034548083 Mod: Links dead
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Libbey and, as you have noted, numerous other companies have made glass that is similar to Imperials candlewick. Here's a good site that shows many of the pieces often mistaken for Candlewick.
http://hometown.aol.com/dbfrogs/2.html
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Ah right, thanks Doug. A useful page to bookmark. :)
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Hi Anne,
imho, the items you link to are probably not Inwald Boule. This I base on the observation that "Boule" handled items, creamer, cups etc have 7 balls on the handles, and one slightly underneath the lower part of the handle.
All the examples I have images of, display this trait, whether clear or opalescent.
Regards,
Marcus
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Thanks Marcus, a useful snippet to make a note of for future reference.
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example of Schrotter's Lord
http://www.designhandlung.de/sites/g013.php
ID schale "lord" | josef inwald | 1925 | dm. 37cm
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Ed,
Thanks for that link.
Minor note that "Lord" was launched in 1922.
regards,
Marcus
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Hi...
Further developments with Schrtter designs. Following my recent research visit, it has emerged that there are a further four table-ware patterns designed by Rudolf Schrtter:
"Sigurd", which appears to have been produced after "Lord", but before "Pollax", suggesting somewhere between 1922 and 1935
"Ariel", which is documented in a manner that suggests pre-war, with production numbers clearly prior to the production of "Barock" so before 1936
and two un-named services, clearly post-war, one of which was produced at Rosice, with an item bearing a R906 pattern number,so mid fifties, and a further range of the same period, for Rudolfova Hut'.
I may be able to place images of the latter three patterns on the Schrtter design pages at www.sklounion.com in the next few days.
Please does anyone have an image of "Sigurd", which allegedly was a best-selling range?
TIA,
Regards,
Marcus
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Marcus, "Sigurd" is the pattern that Carnival collectors call "Fleur de Lys". If you don't have an image of it, I will post one later today (I'm rushing out now).
Glen
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Marcus - I've just created a webpage for you :)
https://www.carnivalglassworldwide.com/fleur-de-lys.html
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Hi Glen,
Thank you for all your help with this. "Sigurd" was mentioned in passing in new material, but no image to identify what exactly it was.
Clearly Rudolf Schrtter was producing far more designs than initially thought, and it would not surprise me, if, in the next few months we discover that he was responsible for most of Inwald's pressed glass designs during the period between 1920-1950. Currently we have twenty identified ranges of glassware by him.
Thanks again,
Regards,
Marcus