Hi Michael,
an interesting material for a relatively common type of weights- here are some ideas:
based on the newly found Cryolithe mineral in Greenland, an opalizing glass was invented and taken for medicinal use, as artificial eye prothesis soon after 1885. From the Lauscha Glassworks, the material was soon a new standard, replacing the "milk" and "bone" glass that was used before. I have a good guess this could be the material the dome of your weight is made of...
I have not seen this material in paperweights, except for some splinters in Paul Ysart scrambled weights, probably in a test phase but rejected.
It looks like moonstone, with a blue and grey hue in side/top view, and yellow to olive looking through- maybe resulted from experiments for making smoky quartz artificially?
Please search "Daisuke Saito" or "Yoshinori Kondo" because modern Japanese marble artists are using "smoky" and "opal" borosilicate glasses, they are the present day successors to the old way...
But there are other influences not intended changing the colour of the dome as well- over times, enduring light exposure will darken or alter some glasses...
What does it Show under UV LW/SW? Does it glow? Kind regards Erhard