It creates valleys in the surface of a gather when the hot glass is pressed down into it.
Silver salts could be introduced to the valleys, or the mould might be lined with them.
But possibly best ask a glassmaker how exactly they are used to create coloured stripes.
Silver chloride is a nasty substance that melts from solid to liquid in heat. I've never encountered it, only seen its effects with glass. Silver nitrate is a damp, gritty, white crystaline "powder" that sucks water out of the air and tries to dissolve itself. It burns everything it touches, no heat required to get it to do that.
I imagine powdered enamels would be much easier to work with and could be put inside the mould. A slick of oil with a paintbrush would hold powder in place. (That's what I used when having a go at copper enamelling.)
I have no idea what dangers and horrors folk in glass studios were doing to themselves, playing with these sorts of lab chemicals without proper training and protective equipment.