I'm guessing the second piece is Indian. They did a lot of decorating of glass with metal. Interesting piece. Is there a lead inner rim around the glass? It looks like the bezel was hammered down. Can you tell what metal the outer part is?
Gold was applied to glass a few different ways. Sometimes as leaf, sometimes painted on. May or may not be fired afterward.
Could you please post larger photos? Photos of the backs, close-ups of the metal rims and glass would be nice, too, too.